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Are there sleeping pills side effects?

Clear information can help you make a thoughtful choice about sleep medicine.

Possible sleeping pill side effects depend partly on the medicine involved. Over-the-counter sleep aids, benzodiazepines, and prescription Z-drugs should not be treated as interchangeable.

Created by Tim Francis, SUD and Mental Health Content Specialist

Updated

If your use worries you, call Women’s Recovery at 833.754.0554 for a calm, private conversation about what you are experiencing and what to do next.

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Original article

Understanding possible sleeping pill side effects begins with identifying the medicine. Over-the-counter antihistamines, benzodiazepines and Z-drugs are different categories. Learning about possible sleeping pill withdrawal and serious sleeping pill risks can help you identify what matters for your prescriber.

Sleeping pills can help you get the restful sleep you need, but how often can you take them? Such sleep aids can have adverse side effects, and taking them too often can lead to dependence

Repeated misuse of sleeping pills can even lead to a substance abuse disorder. A sleeping pill addiction treatment program can help. Call Women’s Recovery today at 833.754.0554 for information and help if you or a loved one is struggling with sleeping pill misuse.

Even if you aren’t addicted, you may experience significant side effects by regularly taking sleeping pills. Many of these side effects come on quickly and without warning.

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How Do Sleeping Pills Work?

Sleeping pills are typically either benzodiazepines or “Z-drugs.” “Z-drugs” include Lunesta, Ambien, Edluar, and Zolpimist. Benzodiazepines work by binding to a receptor called GABA. GABA is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate your nervous system. When it’s active, it has a calming effect on your body. Often it is so calming, it will make it easier for you to fall asleep. “Z-drugs” work similarly to benzodiazepines by binding to the same receptor in your brain. They typically work faster, but their effect doesn’t last as long.

While both help put you to sleep, they also come with possible undesirable side effects.

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Short-Term Sleeping Pill Side Effects 

The use of benzo sleeping pills comes with risks for a range of short-term side effects:

  • Constipation
  • Dizziness
  • Confusion or disorientation
  • Weakened muscles
  • Slurring of your speech
  • Decreased body balance
  • Nausea
  • Blurring of your vision
  • Dry mouth

Other, less common side effects of taking sleeping pills every night, or nearly every night, may also occur. Rarer issues include rashes, headaches, urination difficulties, double vision, low blood pressure, and loss of bladder control.

“Z drugs” generally produce fewer short-term problems than benzos. Still, you may experience issues such as:

  • Dizziness
  • Headaches
  • Fastrointestinal distress
  • Lethargy the next day.
  • Hallucinations
  • Sleepwalk or driving
  • Anterograde amnesia, which is an inability to form new memories.

Long-Term Side Effects of Sleeping Pills

One of the most severe potential long-term side effects of sleeping pills is addiction. As a rule, the addiction risks associated with benzos are higher than those associated with “Z drugs.” Still, ongoing misuse of either sleeping pill can eventually result in addiction.

Addiction is just one possible side effect of sleeping pills every night for extended periods. You may also experience problems such as:

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  • Impairment of your higher mental functions
  • Higher risks for motor vehicle crashes
  • Greater odds of experiencing a fall-related injury
  • Increased overall chances of developing a serious disease or illness
  • Higher overall chances of dying and overdose

Can I Take Sleeping Pills Every Night?

Sleeping pills are not meant for regular use. They are only intended to help you sleep better on an occasional basis, such as when you are experiencing jet lag. If you need to take a sleeping pill every night, or nearly every night, to fall asleep, it’s time to talk to your doctor. You may have an underlying sleep disorder that is causing your insomnia. Once that underlying sleep disorder is treated, you may no longer need to take sleeping pills to fall asleep.

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Get More Information on Sleeping Pill Side Effects at Women’s Recovery

Women are prescribed sleeping pills more often than men. Talk to the experts at Women’s Recovery to learn more about your potential exposure to sleep medication side effects. We’ll help you assess your gender-specific level of risk for addiction and other sleeping pill-related problems.

If you are already addicted to sleeping pills, we specialize in treating this addiction. Our customized support will help you meet your recovery goals. Call us today at 833.754.0554 to learn more, or fill out our online contact form.

Common questions

Explore articles on mental health and substance use and substance use care that sees the whole woman for related guidance. Call admissions when you want to discuss your own situation.

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01 Are over-the-counter sleeping pills safer than prescription sleeping pills?

Over-the-counter does not mean universally safer. Many nonprescription sleep aids contain antihistamines, while prescription options include different classes such as benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. Each product should be considered on its own. Ask a health care professional to explain the risks relevant to the exact medicine you use or are considering.

02 Can zolpidem become habit forming?

Yes. Zolpidem may be habit forming, so it is worth discussing any concern about control, continued use or harm with your prescriber. This information applies to zolpidem specifically and should not be turned into a universal claim about every antihistamine, benzodiazepine, Z-drug or other medicine used for sleep.

03 What are complex sleep behaviors?

Complex sleep behaviors are unusual actions performed while someone is not fully awake. Prescription Z-drugs carry a warning because these behaviors can result in serious injury or death. The warning covers Z-drugs such as eszopiclone, zaleplon and zolpidem. It should not be generalized to unrelated sleeping medicines.

04 Should I talk with a clinician if poor sleep keeps happening?

Yes. If you are lying awake night after night, consider speaking with a health care professional. Bring the name of anything you take for sleep and explain how poor sleep affects you. This gives the clinician useful context for discussing whether medicine is appropriate and which product-specific risks matter.

05 What if I am worried that sleeping pill use is becoming a problem?

You can ask for help before choosing a label for what is happening. Explain which medicine is involved, what has changed and why the pattern concerns you. To talk it through, call Women’s Recovery at 833.754.0554 or contact Admissions at Women’s Recovery to discuss possible next steps.

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Read how we select health information sources and apply the Women’s Recovery editorial policy. These references provide general education and context; they do not establish an individual diagnosis, service, or treatment recommendation.

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